Module -1 : Introduction to Ethics - Transparency International

Transparency International is an international non -governmental organisation founded in 1993 based in Berlin, Germany

It is a non profit organization  to take action to combat global Corruption with civil societal anti-corruption measures and to prevent criminal activities arising from corruption.

Its most notable publications include the Global Corruption Barometer and the Corruption Perception Index.

On January 28, 2021, Transparency International released its 2020 Corruption Perceptions Index (“CPI”).  Transparency International is an organization focused on stopping global corruption and promoting transparency, accountability, and integrity. Its CPI scores are used by companies and individuals worldwide as an indicator of the public’s perception of corruption in a given country. A CPI score ranges from 0-100 with zero indicating that a country is viewed as highly corrupt and one hundred indicating a country is viewed as not corrupt.

As part of its rollout of the 2020 CPI, Transparency International released its analysis of the data and changes it saw over the past year. Importantly, it notes a correlation between countries with high CPI scores and greater investment in healthcare. It points to Uruguay with a high CPI score of 71 and its heavy investment in healthcare as an example of a country that has handled COVID-19 well. By contrast, Bangladesh, with a CPI score of 26 and little investment in healthcare, has seen corruption grow during COVID-19. Interestingly, the United States received a score of 67 - its lowest in eight years. Transparency International attributes the downward trend to things such as alleged conflicts of interest and lack of oversight of the COVID relief package.

Based on its analysis, Transparency International concludes that “persistent corruption is undermining health care systems and contributing to democratic backsliding amid the COVID-19 pandemic.” It recommends that all governments strengthen oversight institutions, ensure open and transparent contracting, defend democracy and promote civic space, publish relevant data, and guarantee access to information.

More than two-thirds of countries score below 50 on this year’s CPI, with an average score of just 43.  

It reveals that the continued failure of most countries to significantly control corruption is contributing to a crisis in democracy around the world. While there are exceptions, the data shows that despite some progress, most countries are failing to make serious inroads against corruption. 

India's rank has slipped six places to 86th among 180 countries in a corruption perception index (CPI) in 2020.India's rank is 86 out of 180 nations with a score of 40

§  Top Performers:

o    The top countries on the Corruption Perception Index (CPI) are Denmark and New Zealand, with scores of 88, followed by Finland, Singapore, Sweden and Switzerland, with scores of 85 each.

§  Poor Performers:

o    South Sudan and Somalia are the bottom Countries with scores of 12 each, followed by Syria (14), Yemen (15) and Venezuela (15).

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